EL GERUNDIO & EL INFINITIVO

Uso del Gerundio
1. Después de las preposiciones: She left without kissing me. We’re thinking of going to Italy.
2. Después de algunos verbos (like, love, hate, enjoy, miss, feel like, mind, finish,risk,practise, put off, stop, suggest, can’t help, fancy, admit,deny, give up, imagine, keep (on), put off (postpone),spend time, can’t stand, delay, regret, avoid, consider,involve, go on (=continue)): I enjoy eating out. Do you mind giving me your address?
3. Como el sujeto de una frase: Smoking is bad for you. Skiing is expensive.
Uso del Infinitivo
1. Para dar una respuesta a la pregunta ‘Why’ (¿Por qué?):
Why did you stop working? – To spend more time with my children.
Observa los ejemplos con el negativo ‘not to’:
We hope not to be in the same flat next year.She decided not to get married.
2. Después de los adjetivos: It’s not easy to find a good man.
3. Después de algunos verbos (would like, want, need, decide, hope, arrange, expect,plan, forget, seem, appear, wish, promise, offer, refuse,learn, manage, afford, agree, fail, tend, happen, mean,prepare, pretend, threaten, attempt.):
I forgot to phone the bank. She needs to see you urgently.
Doble uso pero con significado distinto
STOP
- I stopped to have a beer. Se interrumpe la actividad que se está haciendo para beber una cerveza.
- I have stopped drinking beer. Se interrumpe la actividad (en este caso de beber cerveza).
TRY
- I tried to lift the box but it was too heavy. Se intenta algo difícil que requiere esfuerzo.
- Why don’t you try closing the window if the traffic is too noisy? Se intenta un test o prueba para ver si funciona.
LIKE
- I like to get up at 6am. Me gusta el resultado de la actividad porque me da tiempo a desayunar y hacer otras cosas tranquilmente.
- I like getting up at 6am. Realmente me gusta realizar la actividad.
NEED
- I need to work harder. Tengo la obligación de hacer algo.
- This room needs painting. Hay necesidad hacerlo (en voz pasiva)
REMEMBER Y FORGET
1. Remember to buy milk on your way home.
2. I remember kissing my first girlfriend.
1. I forgot to phone Dad on his birthday.
2. I’ll never forget seeing my wife for the first time. She looked beautiful.
-(1) Se refiere a recordar u olvidar cosas que tienes o tenías que hacer.
-(2) Se refiere a recordar u olvidar cosas que ocurrieron en el pasado.
REGRET
- We regret to inform you that your application for a loan of 5000 Euros has not been accepted. Normalmente se utiliza para comunicar malas noticias.
- Do you regret leaving school early and not going to university? Lamentas cosas que ocurrieron en el pasado.
GO ON
- After winning the Kings Cup, Valencia went on to win the Champions League. Expresa un cambio de actividad.- They went on complaining about their holiday all evening. Expresa que se continúa realizando la misma actividad.